Progress in Biochemistry and Biophysics, especially after carry out the reform and opening policies, biochemistry research in China has been achieved great successes. Quite number aspects had their position in international biochemical research; some had been at the leading position. Beside enzymology, biological membranes and structure biology, they have their own paper for introduction in this issue, the present paper describe progresses mainly on total synthesis of yeast alanine transfer RNA; cloning and study on hepatitis B virus adr subtype; genome study on human genome, rice genome and some other genomes; functional genomics study found certain oncogene or disease related gene, as well as rice genes which correspond to relative trait; developed technology for molecular breeding in plants; important results were obtained on gene expression and regulation in animals, plants and yeast; new break through were obtained in RNA research, which include tRNA, SnoRNA, and ribozyme; good results also had been obtained in research on peptide, protein, proteomics and glucoconjugates.]]> 2014/10/23 0:00:00 LIN Qi-Shui 6true 2014/10/23 0:00:00 WANG Gu-Yan 5true 2014/10/23 0:00:00 WANG Da-Cheng, et al. 4true After the termination of the "Cultural Revolution", the leaders of Chinese Academy of Sciences became aware of the rapid progress of biomembrane research in other countries. A deputation led by YANG Fu-Yu from Institute of Biophysics with five other scientists from Institute of Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology, Institute of Botany, and Institute of Experimental Biology visited the Federal Republic of Germany. After their visitation, the leaders of Chinese Academy of Sciences realized the importance of multidisciplinary integration for biomembrane research, and organized an inter-institutional team composed of scientists from Institute of Biophysics, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Beijing Medical University. The inter-institutional team proposed a keynote research project entitled "The interaction between membrane lipids and membrane proteins and its application in medicine and agriculture", and got funded from the National Natural Science Foundation of China. At the same time, the leaders of Chinese Academy of Sciences suggested the Biophysical Society of China, the Chinese Society of Biochemistry and the Chinese Society for Cell Biology host the symposium on biomembrane research. The First National Symposium on Biomembrane was held in march 1979 in Beijing Friendship Hotel and the follow-up symposiums were held every three years and never been discontinued. This series of symposiums significantly promotes the development of biomembrane research and communication in China. In 2003, the 200th Xiangshan Science Conference was held with the topic "Biomembrane research in the 21st Centry", which carried the biomembrane research in China a step forward.
The key findings in membrane biology by Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, were also highlighted in the review: (1) The molecular mechanisms underlying the metal cations regulate energy transfer, material transportation and cell signaling in biomembranes via modulating lipid-protein interactions; (2) The important viewpoint that Keshan disease is an endemic mitochondrial cardiomyopathy in China; (3) The discovery that lysosomes contain trace amount of chymotrypsin, a well-known digestive enzyme, which mediates apoptosis after its relocation into the cytosol; (4) The finding about targeting mitochondrial dynamics to inhibits tumor cell metastasis. Finally, it must be pointed out that Prof. CHANG Wen-Rui, in cooperation with Prof. KUANG Ting-Yun of Institute of Botany, published their research work entitled "Crystal structure of spinach major light-harvesting complex at 2.72 ? resolution"in Nature in 2004, and Prof. RAO Zi-He, in cooperation with Prof. XU Jian-Xing, published their research work entitled "Crystal structure of mitochondrial respiratory membrane protein complex II" in Cell in 2005. These milestones indicated the significance of Chinese biomembrane research in the world.
In 2004, XU Tao was selected as the chief scientist for the first project on biomembrane funded by National Basic Research Program of Chinabecause of his expertise in membrane trafficking, suggesting that the biomembrane research in China enter a new period of development.]]> 2014/10/23 0:00:00 YANG Fu-Yu 3true 2014/10/23 0:00:00 LU Hui-Min,HE Rong-Qiao and GUO Ai-ke 2true Progress in Biochemistry and Biophysics, this paper is attempted to review the selected achievements from the systematically enzymic research in China.]]> 2014/10/23 0:00:00 WANG Zhi-Xin 1true