2019年第46卷第5期目录

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封面故事:表观遗传学是指基因型没有发生改变而表型发生了可遗传变化的现象. DNA甲基化作用是表观遗传调控基因表达的重要手段之一,它能引起染色质结构、DNA构象、DNA稳定性及DNA与蛋白质相互作用方式的改变从而调节基因的表达. 嗅觉在哺乳动物获得食物、选择配偶、母子识别、群体之间信息交流,以及辨别各种危险信号中发挥着重要作用. 腺苷酸环化酶3(adenylyl cyclase 3,AC3)是小鼠嗅觉传导的重要组分,嗅上皮中AC3缺失后,小鼠表现为嗅觉损伤、雄性攻击、雄雌交配等多种缺陷. 周艳芬等利用转录组测序发现AC3缺失后与DNA甲基化相关的众多基因的表达水平显著改变,很多嗅觉受体表达量显著下降. DNA甲基化和嗅觉障碍与哺乳动物的多种疾病相关,如心血管系统疾病、自闭症、肿瘤、帕金森症、阿尔茨海默症等. 因此,AC3基因对于哺乳动物嗅觉传导和发育至关重要,为人类疾病的治疗提供重要的参考作用.
(周艳芬,王亚文,王晓婷,舒俐,李淑娟,王振山. 腺苷酸环化酶3缺失对小鼠主要嗅觉表皮组织内DNA甲基化的影响,本期第474~484页)

Cover Story:Adenylate cyclase Ⅲ (AC3) is an important component of odorant perception signaling in the olfactory system. The thinness of main olfactory epithelium (MOE) become thin with ageing, and the gene expression profile alters after AC3 deletion. DNA methylation plays a key role in animal development and regulation of gene expression. In the present study, whether the DNA methylation level of gene promoter, as well as their associations with the expression of the genes in MOE will be altered after AC3 deletion, was investigated by using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation chip (MeDIP-chip), methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and real-time fluorescence quantification PCR. The data showed that the DNA methylation levels of promoters of 1 978 genes were altered in AC3-deficient mice, accounting for 9% of the total number of genes. Of which 727 genes with their promoter’s DNA methylation levels were elevated, 1 251 genes with their promoter’s methylation levels were lowered. The functions of these genes are mainly involved with olfactory receptor, neurodevelopmental, cAMP signaling pathway, ATP-binding, calcium regulation, acetylation modification, and transcription factors. It was further confirmed by MSP that methylation levels of promoter of the olfactory receptor genes Olfr1153, Olfr231, Olfr378, Olfr651 and Olfr691 were increased, whereas methylation level of the promoters of Cngb1, Pde4a and Olfr1394 were decreased. In line with MSP results, qRT-PCR data showed that the expression levels of Cngb1, Hcn4, Olfm1, Olfr1394, Olfr1153, Olfr231, Olfr378 and Olfr691 were significantly decreased, whereas the expression levels of Pde4a and Olfr651 were significantly increased. In conclusion, the methylation levels of promoters of olfactory receptor genes, neurodevelopmental related genes and cAMP signaling pathways in MOE are modified significantly after AC3 deletion, which affected the transduction of signal pathways such as nucleotide excision and repair, DNA replication and mismatch repair, thus comprehensively regulating the number and level of gene expression in MOE of mice.

综述与专论

外泌体在肿瘤免疫逃逸和耐受中的作用尹春来,赵雪梅,侯召华,张建,韩秋菊  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

个性化肿瘤新抗原疫苗中抗原肽预测研究进展王广志,李雨雨,谢鹭  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

阿尔茨海默病病理发生中的性别差异王珍,高佩佩,彭韵桦,刘健康,龙建纲  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

催产素减轻抑郁症状机制的研究进展胡倩瑜,胡灵洁,揭君津,沈思宏,陈晓薇  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网与肺部炎症性疾病的关系陈熙,肖锏,李园园,陈琼,胡成平  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

研究报告

腺苷酸环化酶3缺失对小鼠主要嗅觉表皮组织内DNA甲基化的影响周艳芬,王亚文,王晓婷,舒俐,李淑娟,王振山  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

糖鞘脂GM1调控生长密度相关的乳腺细胞体外增殖抑制卓定浩,关锋  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

基于统计差表与加权投票的高精度剪接位点预测曾莹,陈渊,袁哲明  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

适宜浓度短链脂肪酸混合物对小胶质细胞炎症 抑制及机制研究贾雪冰,周芝兰,张博枰,赵丽萍,乔晨萌,孙孟菲,孙秀兰,陈永泉,崔春,申延琴  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

技术与方法

一步加热法和溴化氰切割生产胸腺肽α1张 冲,田柳杨,翁海波  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

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