脑机接口:现状,问题与展望
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作者单位:

1)北京大学信息科学技术学院电子学系,教育部纳米器件物理与化学重点实验室,北京 100871;2.1)北京大学信息科学技术学院电子学系,教育部纳米器件物理与化学重点实验室,北京100871;3.2)山东大学微电子学院,济南250100

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基金项目:

国家“变革性技术关键科学问题重点专项”(2017YFA0701302)资助.


Brain Computer Interface: Current Situation,Problems and Prospects
Author:
Affiliation:

1)School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Key Laboratory for the Physics & Chemistry of Nanodevices, and Department of Electronics, Beijing 100871, China;2)School of Microelectronics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

Fund Project:

This work was supported by a grant from National Key R&D Program of China( 2017YFA0701302).

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    摘要:

    本文综述现有脑机接口技术的最新发展,并讨论这些脑机接口技术的局限和存在的问题,如高估人类个体大脑的功能、对大脑信息存储方式缺乏了解等. 基于大脑信息存储的“二维码”模型,我们认为目前的脑机接口技术方案仅适用于一些简单的应用场景,如了解受测者的情绪变化、生命活动的状态,以及控制体外器械等,而无法通过脑机接口技术获取脑内诸如记忆与思考等信息的精准细节. 我们也提出,向大脑输入信息的脑机接口技术有较大的发展空间,比如发展具有多种调控效果、物理和生化技术结合的深脑刺激装置,有可能广泛应用于抑郁症、癫痫等脑疾病的治疗,以及应用于短期脑力的增强. 本文对于目前的脑机接口研究领域具有一定的警示和启发意义.

    Abstract:

    In this paper we reviewed the latest development and discussed several problems in current research on brain-computer-interfaces (BCIs), such as overestimating the function of the human brain and lacking understanding on the way the brain stores information. Based on the model of "2D code" data form for brain functions, we argued that current BCI technical solutions are only applicable to some simple application scenarios, such as understanding the emotional type of the subject, the state of life activities, and controlling the external instruments, but they are not capable to obtain accurate details such as memory and thinking in the brain. On the other hand, we believed that here is a large space for the development of information input technologies, i.e., the information input technology. For example, a potential brain stimulation device with multiple regulatory effects and multiple control methods like physical and biochemical technologies may be widely used to treat brain diseases, such as depression and epilepsy, as well as for short-term enhancement of brain power. This work may shed some light on the current research field of brain-computer interface.

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引用本文

葛松,徐晶晶,赖舜男,杨娜娜,林衍旎,许胜勇.脑机接口:现状,问题与展望[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,2020,47(12):1227-1249

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-19
  • 最后修改日期:2020-08-18
  • 接受日期:2020-09-15
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-01-29
  • 出版日期: 2020-12-20