Selenium is an essential trace element for human, which correlated to cancer, atherosclerosis and heart disease. Recently the role of selenium in the activation of latent period and progression of HIV infected individuals was investigated. Significantly a progressive selenium depletion in AIDS-related complex (ARC) and AIDS patients has been described. The mRNAs of T cells as T4 and T8 and viral RNA have potential structures that may encoded selenoprotein, one of the viral selenoproteins has a potential function to decrease HIV replication. in vitro, selenium has the regulatory role on HIV replication by inhibition of transcription factor NF-κB and HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter activity. These demonstrated a basis for the potential therapy use of Se to control disease process.