遗传密码字典的破译,通用性作为遗传密码的基本特点之一被人们认可.近年来的研究发现了一些例外.除线粒体使用一组密码子其含义有别于核基因之外,原先被认为仅用作终止信号的无义密码子在某些情况下可重新诠释,编码特定的氨基酸.在揭示了硒代半胱氨酸由UGA编码后,最近的研究表明,在某些古细菌和真细菌中,无义密码子UAG可重新诠释,编码组成蛋白质的第22种天然氨基酸——吡咯赖氨酸.
Universality as one of the fundarmental features for genetic codes has been known since its proposal. But some extraodinary conditions have been discovered recently. Mitochondria use one set of genetic codes for different meaning and some nonsense codes which should have the meaning to stop translation may redefined. UGA may be redefined as selenocysteine. Results of recent research showed that some amber codens are translated as a sense coden for the 22nd natural amino acid, pyrrolysine.
明镇寰,钟立人.第22种氨基酸和无义密码子的重新诠释[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,2002,29(6):831-833
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