2014年第41卷第12期目录

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封面故事:蝙蝠作为一种生物声纳动物 (biosonar animal),依靠其灵敏的生物声纳系统或听觉系统的回声定位来感知周围环境和生存.恒频-调频蝙蝠在飞行过程中有一种独特的听-声反馈控制行为,即多普勒频移补偿行为.以往有关蝙蝠多普勒频移补偿的研究基本采用行为学观察手段,唐佳研究组采用了电生理实验手段——在体细胞外记录技术,声刺激模拟自然状态下蝙蝠发生多普勒频移补偿后的回声定位信号,观察听觉通路中重要的中继站——中脑下丘的单个神经元处理不同补偿信号的差异,以及最佳频率位于谐波内和谐波外的神经元处理声信息是否存在分工.研究结果为解释与蝙蝠独特的回声定位行为相适应的中枢生理机制提供了实验依据.回声定位蝙蝠属哺乳动物是神经科学领域研究生物声纳和听觉信息处理机制的理想和有价值的模型.因此,对它们进行研究和取得的成果对认识人类听觉机制、军事(生物声纳),乃至信息科学(声信息处理)均有启示作用和意义.
(李 琳,付子英,王丽萍,危晨雪,邹丽芳,陈其才,唐 佳. 普氏蹄蝠下丘谐波内外神经元处理多普勒频移补偿信息的差异,本期第1235~1244页)

Cover Story:In order to investigate the role of inferior colliculus (IC) neurons in Pratt's roundleaf bats' Doppler-shift compensation (DSC),we recorded the responses of IC neurons to the echoes by using simulated pulse-echo pairs of bats' DSC. According to the recovery rate of neural responses to echo signals at different frequency shifts of DSC, neurons were classified into two types: selective neurons (S neurons) whose recovery rate was more than 70% at some specific frequency shifts of DSC and non-selective neurons (NS neurons) whose recovery rate was less than 70% at any frequency shifts of DSC. Further analysis revealed that the proportion of S neurons of harmonic neurons (68%) was greater than the non-harmonic neurons (39%), and firing patterns of most harmonic S neurons was phasic (44.3%). Although the intensity-latency curves were similar in S and NS neurons,the harmonic neuron's best amplitude (BA) of the functions in S neurons (95.3 ± 14.0 dB SPL) were notably lower than NS neurons (104.1 ± 10.2 dB SPL) (P < 0.01) ,and there was a very significant difference in BA between the S neurons of harmonic and non-harmonic neurons (95.3 ± 14.0 vs 109.7 ± 7.9 dB SPL, P < 0.01). These results suggested that there is a clear division of labour in IC neurons processing and analyzing echo information during the DSC. S neurons which concentrated in the harmonics can effectively encode the echo information and avoid disturbances of other clutter information by increasing the recovery rate of responses to echo under specific frequency shifts of DSC. And the characteristics of firing patterns and intensity-latency functions of S neurons of harmonic neurons were different than other neurons,which met the need in precise acoustic imaging at complex environments.

综述与专论

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胆碱转运体与阿尔茨海默病邓莉,王今朝,杨莉,龙程  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

高亲和力谷氨酸转运体结构和功能的研究进展张云龙,瞿少刚  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

NADPH氧化酶在电磁辐射生物效应中的作用戴阿惠,孙文均  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

研究快报

线虫体内新piRNA研究崔东亚,王佳佳,孙旭滨,张鹏,何顺民,黄大卫  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

研究报告

IL-15扩增的OT-Ⅰ细胞持续抑制小鼠黑色素瘤生长鞠见齐,贾明明,丛燕妮,王盛典  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

普氏蹄蝠下丘谐波内外神经元处理多普勒频移补偿信息的差异李琳,付子英,王丽萍,危晨雪,邹丽芳,陈其才,唐佳  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

Dicer及其miRNAs是血管平滑肌细胞分化和增殖所必需的基因和调节因子潘耀谦,潘博,刘兴友,李瑞珍,岳军明  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

经皮给药载体载MD-CPT透明质酸纳米乳的细胞吞噬与体内药代动力学研究高媛媛,王志国,姜长青,孔明,程晓杰,王娟,包子娴,孙国辉,黄聿华,林成兵,依宏君,陈西广  [摘要][PDF][HTML]

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