Random or arbitrary primers, in contrast with common specific primer,refer to the non-specific oligonucleotides used as primers in DNA synthesis.In 1990's several new techniques were developed as a result of combination of random primers and PCR. RAPD, AP-PCR and DAF by random primers with different length were used for DNA fingerprinting. Differential display was used for polymorphism analysis of mRNA.rPCR,T-PCR and so on derived from application of random primers were discussed too.The technique characters and applications in molecular biology research of random primered PCR were introduced particularly in RAPD.