Myxobacteira are noted for their capabilities of synthesizing series of natural products with diverse structures and novel functions. Modular polyketide synthase (PKS) and non ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) are the major natural products of myxobacteria. Compared to classical modular PKS/NRPS, myxobacteria modular PKSs/NRPSs usually show novel assembly features, exhibiting diverse genetic assembly potential and abundant product structure varieties. This review classified novel characters of Myxobacterial PKSs/NRPSs assembly lines and further illustrated their corresponding structure features, revealed their vital and potential in genetics, biochemistry, combination biosynthesis, evolution and drug research areas, and also forecasted their opportunities coming with genome era.