表观调控rDNA转录的研究进展
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哈尔滨医科大学组织学与胚胎学教研室,哈尔滨医科大学生物信息科学与技术学院,哈尔滨医科大学组织学与胚胎学教研室,哈尔滨医科大学组织学与胚胎学教研室,哈尔滨医科大学组织学与胚胎学教研室,哈尔滨医科大学组织学与胚胎学教研室,哈尔滨医科大学组织学与胚胎学教研室

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国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671545)资助


Research Progress on Epigenetic Regulation of rDNA Transcription
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Department of histology and embryology, Harbin Medical University,College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University,Department of histology and embryology, Harbin Medical University,Department of histology and embryology, Harbin Medical University,Department of histology and embryology, Harbin Medical University,Department of histology and embryology, Harbin Medical University,Department of histology and embryology, Harbin Medical University

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This work was supported by a grant from The National Natural Science Foundation of China (31671545)

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    摘要:

    rDNA是控制细胞核糖体生物合成的串联重复基因,影响着整体蛋白质的翻译水平,与细胞生长代谢息息相关.由于rDNA序列具有多拷贝的重复特征,其转录除了受一般转录机制的调节外,还受多重表观调控机制的调节,精细调控着rDNA的转录状态.一般认为rDNA分为活跃和沉默两种状态,分别与活跃染色质标记和异染色质标记相关.近些年来,发现一种平衡态rDNA的存在,更加丰富了rDNA表观机制的研究.H3.3是一种H3组蛋白变体,是近些年来的研究热点,已有报道H3.3可能在分子伴侣HIRA的介导下整合进入活跃rDNA,然而沉默rDNA的维持是否也与H3.3的作用相关需要更多的探索.CTCF是rDNA重复单元间的绝缘子成分,与H3.3相关但并不清楚是否也调控着rDNA的转录.该综述讨论了几种调控rDNA表观状态的机制,并对可能参与该过程的新机制提出了设想.

    Abstract:

    rDNA is an array of tandemly repeated genes controlling cellular ribosomes’ biosynthesis, therefore determining translational level of overall proteins and being closely linked with cellular growth and metabolism. Because of the multi-copy feature, the transcription activity of rDNA repeats is not only adjusted by general transcription mechanism, but also finely regulated by multiple epigenetic mechanisms. Generally, rDNA is divided into two epigenetic states, active and silent state, relating to active chromatin marks and heterochromatin marks respectively. In recent years, a poise state has been found, which enriches the research of epigenetic mechanism in rDNA regulation. H3.3, a hot topic in recent years, is a variant of histone H3, which has been reported that might incorporate into active rDNA by its chaperone HIRA. However, more devotion is required to explore whether silent rDNA is maintained by H3.3 as well. Another regulator is CTCF, an insulator component that occupying between repeated rDNA units. Whether CTCF is involved in regulating the transcription of rDNA is still unknown. In this review, we present our current knowledge of the mechanisms in rDNA epigenetic regulation, and propose new hypotheses of regulatory mechanism that might exist in this process.

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程香荣,魏艳军,黄星卫,王楠,姜琦,刘惠,雷蕾.表观调控rDNA转录的研究进展[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,2018,45(5):485-493

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-14
  • 最后修改日期:2018-02-02
  • 接受日期:2018-02-07
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-05-17
  • 出版日期: 2018-05-20