Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is involved in various physiological and pathological processes of tumors. Studies have shown that lncRNAs can participate in gene expression regulation by interacting with microRNA (miRNA) response elements (MREs) and forming a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network with other RNA molecules. The lncRNA plays an important role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development via ceRNA function. It provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanism of NSCLC and novel targets for precision medicine of NSCLC. This review is based on our previous discovery of lung cancer-related ceRNAs and focuses on the role of lncRNA by acting as highly/lowly expressed and therapeutic ceRNAs in NSCLC.