Cell-free protein synthesis is an in-vitro cell-free expression method for protein synthesis. High-throughput protein expression and in-vitro reconstitution of membrane proteins can be realized in CFPS-containing artificial cells. This review describes various CFPS systems including E. coli extracts, rabbit reticulocytes extracts, wheat germ extracts, and yeast extracts, and summarizes the progress of cell free protein synthesis inside artificial cells. The challenges and the future directions of this field are also proposed at the end of this paper.