Enzyme therapy, known for its high efficiency and high selectivity, is an emerging treatment method that utilizes the catalytic activity of exogenous enzyme molecules to initiate specific chemical reactions in the diseased area for disease treatment. With the development of nanoscience and nanotechnology, nanomaterials have brought a new revolution in enzyme therapy. Firstly, nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity (known as nanozymes) have the ability to replace enzymes for catalytic therapy due to their advantages such as tunable nanostructures, high stability, and low cost. Secondly, the construction of nanohybrid enzymes using enzyme engineering techniques can improve the poor stability and limited application performance of enzymes. Finally, many nanomaterials exhibit unique responsiveness to external stimuli such as light, electricity, magnetism, and sound, allowing the catalytic activity of nanozymes and nanohybrid enzymes to be precisely controlled by remote physical fields. Compared to other stimuli, magnetic fields have advantages such as deep tissue penetration, no radiation hazard, remote manipulability, and high spatiotemporal resolution. Under the action of different magnetic fields, magnetic nanomaterials can produce magnetothermal,magnetomechanical,and magnetoelectric effects, respectively. In recent years, significant research progress has been made in utilizing these effects to regulate the catalytic behaviors of nanobiocatalysts. The magnetothermal effect is the process in which magnetic nanomaterials convert electromagnetic energy into heat energy when subjected to a high frequency alternating magnetic field. This effect has been harnessed to remotely regulate the nanobiocatalysts by inducing changes in the surrounding temperature. The magnetomechanical effect refers to the magnetic force generated by the interaction between the magnetic field and magnetic particle when exposed to a low frequency static magnetic field, rotating magnetic field, or gradient magnetic field. This effect regulates enzyme catalytic reactions by altering enzyme conformation or the interaction between an enzyme and its substrate. The magnetoelectric effect involves the charge polarization of a material under the influence of an external alternating magnetic field. This effect enables the energy conversion between magnetic and electric fields. The electrons generated in this process can trigger the redox reaction of nanozymes. These three effects are shown to control the catalytic activity of nanozymes or nanohybrid enzymes under different settings, leading to improved performance of nanobiocatalysts in various biomedical applications. Currently, the concept of magneto-controlled nanobiocatalysis has been applied in the treatment of cancer, bacterial infection and Alzheimer’s disease, demonstrating tremendous potential in precision catalytic therapy. In this paper, the magnetothermal, magnetomechanical, and magnetoelectric effects mediated by magnetic materials were first introduced. Then, current research status on the regulation of nanobiocatalysts under control of magnetic field was comprehensively discussed. Finally, future research suggestions in the field of magneto-controlled nanobiocatalysis was proposed.