The efficient bioconversion of lignocelluloses is limited by the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency, atomic force microscope (AFM) enables us to represent the Real-time motion behavior of the cellulase in the aqueous solution, to analysis the moving velocity and limiting factors. Cellobiohydrolase (CBH) is demonstrated to combine to specific site of the crystal face, to move unidirectionally and accomplish the degradation layer by layer. Over-dose cellobiohydrolase which combine to special face results in the "traffic jam" phenomenon. The degradation efficiency of crystal cellulose not only depends on the moving velocity of the enzyme molecule and the cleavage of glycosidic bond, but also lies on the crystal surface area of accessible substrate and the breakdown of hydrogen bonds on the crystal face. The novel cellulase complex or system with different combining mode, different movement mode or composition mode should be an important research aspect in the future.