Two polysaccharides which were prepared from Chinese traditional medicine Ruoye (Indocalamus tesselatus), a kind of bamboo leaves by alkaline extraction were studied. Their physicochemical properties and structural feature were elucidated by modern analytical technique such as IR, NMR, GC, partial acid hydrolysis, periodate oxidation and Smith degradation. The typical absorptions of these polysaccharides were shown in IR spectra. The main structure was examined: FⅢ-a, (1→6)-β-D-galactosyl branched (1→3)-α-D-Xylan and FⅣ-a, (1→6)-β-D-galactosyl (1→3)-α-D-Xylan with arabinose branches at C-6 position.