Many kinds of cells responsing to mechanical signals were named mechanocytes, including endothelial cells, fibroblasts, osteoblasts, smooth muscle cells. Stress can cause cellular regulation in gene level, and insulin-like growth factorⅠ (IGF-Ⅰ) is one of the factors sensitive to mechanical stimulation. Through the mechanical stretching to skeletal muscle, it was found that mechanical stimulus led to the generation of two kinds of IGF-Ⅰ isoforms, one of which was named mechano growth factor (MGF). MGF can activate satellite cells, promote the proliferation of myoblasts, and plays an important role in treating the loss of muscle mass, preventing myocardial damage and repairing nerve damage, etc. Mechanical stretch can also cause osteoblasts to express MGF, and studies suggested that cyclic stretching (The strain rate is 15%) applied to osteoblasts increased the expression of IGF-Ⅰ and produced the splicing isoform MGF. The further study on MGF may broad prospects for treating diseases and tissue engineering.