Krüppel-like factor 7(KLF7) is one of the members of specificity protein/krüppel-like factor(SP/KLF) transcription factor family, which play crucial roles in diverse arrays of biological processes including cell stemness, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and energy metabolism. Klf7-null mice died within the first 3 days of life due to abomoality in nervous system. Genetics and epigenetics studies showed that KLF7 is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, leukemia, diffuse gastric cancer, rectal adenocarcinoma, face development disordered, oxidative phosphorylation deficient, and type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis. Functional analysis revealed KLF7 is a key regulator of neurogenesis and neuron development, and inhibit preadipocyte differentiation and promote proliferation. In addition, KLF7 mediates muscle stem cell quiescence and suppresses hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell function. However, among the SP/KLF family members, the roles of KLF7 in these biological processes are only beginning to be understood, and most of the mechanisms remain unclear. This review summarizes the latest research progress of KLF7 in the structure and fuctions, and highlights its importance in tissue development, cell proliferation and differentiation, and disease generation.