The special Doppler-shift compensation (DSC) behavior of the constant frequency-frequency modulation (CF-FM) bats ensures accurate extraction information of echo. Then how the auditory center of bats to process the echo after DSC behavior, and what is the adaptive physiological mechanism? In this study, we simulated the echolocation signal of the CF-FM bat in the DSC behavior, and studied the response properties and physiological mechanism of the inferior collicular (IC) neurons in processing the DSC information. A total of 117 IC neurons were recorded, and under the CF-FM sound stimulation, these neurons showed two response patterns of single-on (SO, n = 83) and double-on (DO, n = 34), the former type only discharged impulses to the onset of CF-FM sounds, and the latter type discharged impulses to the onset of both CF and FM components of CF-FM sound. The results also showed that whatever the bat processed the positive DSC signal or negative DSC signal, the 50%inter-pulse intervals(50% IPIs, i.e. 50% recovery time of response to echo)of SO and DO neurons were significantly shortened (P < 0.001) and concentrated in the short recovery region when the paired sounds were changed from the uncompensated condition to the best compensated condition. Moreover, the number of SO neurons whose rate of shortening of 50% IPI exceeded 70% was larger than that of DO neurons, and among those IC neurons which preferred positive DSC, the mean DSC selective range of SO neurons was also significantly wider than that of DO neurons. The above results suggested that SO neurons among IC neurons might make better use of bat's DSC behavior than DO neurons do to improve the response to echo so as to obtain the information of prey to the maximum and determine its relative velocity with the prey.