2018年第45卷第10期目录
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封面故事:茄科雷尔氏菌引起植物土传细菌性青枯病,能侵染54个科450多种植物.青枯病一旦发生难以控制,往往造成作物大面积死亡甚至绝收,严重影响许多重要经济作物(比如番茄、茄子、马铃薯等)的产量.因此,探索茄科雷尔氏菌的生理特性,探索其致病机理,研发防治青枯病的技术与方法,仍是当今生物科学研究的重要课题之一.脂肪酸是细菌细胞的组成物质,是构成膜磷脂、脂多糖的成分之一,其中不饱和脂肪酸和环丙烷脂肪酸在调节生物体细胞膜的流动性,应对不良环境(如低温、低pH等)中起着重要作用.脂肪酸氧化脱饱和酶能够将磷脂中饱和脂肪酸氧化脱饱和,形成不饱和脂肪酸,而环丙烷脂肪酸合成酶则将磷脂中的不饱和脂肪酸的双键打开、环化,形成环丙烷脂肪酸.本论文鉴定了茄科雷尔氏菌的脂肪酸氧化脱饱和酶和环丙烷脂肪酸合成酶,初步研究了这两种特殊脂肪酸的合成机制.
(董会娟,范志永,况承伟,李先其,王海洪.茄科雷尔氏菌脂酰CoA脱饱和酶和环丙烷脂肪酸合成酶的鉴定,本期第1068~1077页)
Cover Story:Ralstonia solanacearum, a soil-borne destructive plant pathogen, has an unusually wide host range, and causes a bacterial wilt that seriously affects the production of many economically important crops in the world. Thus, investigation of physiological metabolism in R. solanacearum will be helpful to develop new ways to control the bacterial wilt. Fatty acids are compulsory components of bacteria. However, the fatty acid biosynthestic mechanism is still unclear in R. solanacearum. In this paper, we identified acyl-CoA desaturase and cyclopropane fatty acid synthase of R. solanacearum GMI1000, and characterized their functions in biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid or cyclopropane fatty acid. First, R. solanacearum RSc2450 (desA) complemented Shewanella oneidensis desA fabA mutant growth on LB without supplemented oleic acid and caused E. coli fabA mutant to produce unsaturated fatty acid. Furthermore, deletion of desA caused R. solanacearum grows weak on BG plate and reduces the palmitoleic acid production. The results showed though R. solanacearum RSc2450 encodes an acyl-CoA desaturase and involves in unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, R. solanacearum might possess a novel unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway. Next, of the two putative cyclopropane fatty acid synthases encoded genes in R. solanacearum, only cfa1 (RSc0776) restored E. coli cfa mutant YYC1257 growth in low pH medium and to produce cis-9, 10-methylene palmitic acid. And deletion cfa1 mutant was sensitive to low pH and high osmotic pressure, and lost the ability to produce cis-9, 10-methylene palmitic acid. These indicated that cfa1 involves in cyclopropane fatty acid synthesis in R. solanacearum and plays roles in adaption to low pH and high osmotic pressure. Moreover, Cfa2 (RSp1446) does not have cyclopropane fatty acid synthase activity, and its function needs further study.
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综述与专论
研究快报
研究报告
技术与方法
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