Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase(RubisCO) regulates photosynthesis and photorespiration. It is a key enzyme to control the net photosynthesis in plants. It is one of the most abundent soluble proteins in plant also. The enzyme generally exists in plant and some of microorganisms. Some advance in the research of RubisCO was reviewed, It contains the properties、the structure and the function、gene engineering、the activity regulation of RubisCO and its activase.