Tranforming growth factor β receptor, divided into five types, are membrane protein. The functin of type Ⅲ receptor is regulating the affinity between receptor and ligand as well as the expression of type Ⅱ receptor. Type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ receptor are functional receptors. They cooperate closely while the signal transduction, and on the other hand. They function differently: type Ⅰ receptor acts as the signal pathway by which transforming growth factor β stimulate the increasing synthesis of extracellular matrix; type Ⅱ receptor has closely relationship to the proliferate and differentiate cells.