In order to establish an animal model of atherosclerosis in minipigs and investigate the change of ATP binding cassette transporter A1(ABCA1) expression in atherosclerotic minipigs, Chinese minipigs were fed a normal control diet (CD) or a high fat/high cholesterol diet (HFHC) and carotid overstretch ballon injury for 12 months. Plasma total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) were determined by commercially enzymatic methods. ABCA1 mRNA and protein level were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively. At the end of 12 months, plasma total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglyceride in atherosclerotic minipigs were increased. It is obvious that atherosclerotic plaques and lipid stripes in aonta, iliaca anteria and coronary artery of atherosclerotic minipigs ATP binding cassette transporter A1 expression in liver, aorta and small intestine of atherosclerotic minipigs was upregulated. HFHC may induce atherosclerosis and upregulation of ATP binding cassette transporter A1 expression in atherosclerotic minipigs.