Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) was induced apoptosis when infected by influenza A virus. To observe the interaction between lymphocyte and macrophage, the lymphocyte and macrophage were induced by H1N1 subtype influenza virus. The result showed that apoptosis of PBMC including lymphocyte and macrophage was promoted by virus infection in the first 48 h, but the apoptosis of macrophage was inhibited after 48 h cultivation. According to fluorescent staining and flow cytometry there was no difference in apoptosis of lymphocyte after virus adsorption at different time. The result showed that there was no relationship between apoptosis and adsorption time. The apoptosis of lymphocyte and macrophage was detected when PFT-α was added, the result show that the apoptosis of lymphocyte and macrophage was inhibited. It hinted that p53 may be impact the apoptosis of lymphocyte and mononuclear macrophage that treated with influenza virus.