国家高技术研究发展计划(863)(2008AA101003)和国家自然科学基金资助项目(30972098)
This work was supported by grants from Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (2008AA101003) and The National Natural Science Foundation of China (30972098)
体细胞核移植(体细胞克隆)技术在动物生产、医药工业、治疗性克隆以及对珍稀濒危动物的拯救有重要意义,然而克隆效率低下以及克隆动物发育异常,严重制约了克隆技术的发展和应用.在体细胞核克隆中,供体核来自高度分化了的体细胞,发生在核移植后几小时内供体核的重编程,决定了克隆胚胎的发育能力.印记基因是由等位基因表观遗传修饰的不对称导致的基因表达具有亲本选择性,而DNA甲基化是调控印记的一个主要方式.印记基因Mash2在胚胎发育和器官形成过程中起着非常重要的作用.为了探求核移植过程中Mash2基因DNA 甲基化的表观重编程是否充分,利用亚硫酸氢盐测序法对出生48 h内死亡的体细胞核移植牛和正常对照牛肺脏中Mash2基因的DNA甲基化状态进行分析.结果显示,尽管位于Mash2基因启动子和第一个外显子处的CpG岛在正常牛和克隆牛中甲基化水平都不高(20.04%,5.55%),但克隆组的甲基化水平仍显著低于正常对照组 (P < 0.05).甲基化模式正常组中9N3有5种不同的形式,9N4仅1种;而克隆组9C3和9C5也分别是1种.推测Mash2基因的异常DNA甲基化很可能是导致克隆牛肺脏发育异常的一个重要原因.
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT, Somatic cloning) has been succeeded in some species, but the low cloning efficiency limits its application in many areas, including medicine industry, therapeutic cloning and the propagation of rare animals. In somatic cell nuclear transfer process, the donor nucleus requires epigenetic reprogramming to a totipotent ground state. Although molecular events within hours of nuclear transfer determine the fate of cloned embryos, it is disappointing that so little is known about these events during the early development of cloned embryos. Genomic imprinting is the differential expression of a gene based upon parental inheritance. DNA methylation is a known regulator of major genomic imprinting, and many imprinted genes are associated with DMRs that play a role in regulating their allele specific expression. Mash2 is an imprinted gene that plays important role in embryo development and organogenesis. Aberrations were often observed in the lungs of most deceased cloned calves died around birth. In an effort to determine whether the DNA methylation reprogramming of Mash2 is efficient in somatic cloning animals, the DNA methylation status of Mash2 was analyzed in lungs of deceased somatic cloning bovines that died within 48 h of birth using bisulfite sequencing analysis. The results demonstrated that cloned bovines showed significantly lower DNA methylation of Mash2 than controls (P < 0.05), and both showed low methylation (20.04% and 5.55%),and the percentage of overall mCpG in 9C5 was only 0.4%;the types of methylation patterns were five in 9N3 and one in 9N4,while only one type were found in cloned cow.The abnormal DNA methylation of Mash2 may contribute to the lung development defects and the low efficiency of somatic cloning.
陈杰,李冬杰,张萃,李宁,李世杰.Mash2基因在体细胞克隆牛肺脏中DNA甲基化状态分析[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,2010,37(9):960-966
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