This work was supported by a grant from The National Natural Science Foundation of China (30930022)
具有经典三叶草结构的tRNA作为细胞蛋白质合成机器的重要元件,已经拥有几十年深入细致的研究历史.但是,对于其功能的认识远没有止境,尤其在其作为潜在的基因表达调控分子前体的功能目前正逐渐被人们认识.最新的多项研究结果表明,在多种细胞系中通过高通量测序发现某种来源于tRNA的小片段RNA,这些剪切产物被认为与多种microRNA加工体系关键分子(如Dicer、Ago家族中的蛋白质)具有相互作用的能力.同时,报告基因检测系统的研究结果也暗示,这些小片段RNA具有类似microRNA的潜在调控功能,可能在细胞应对外界环境刺激时发挥重要的调节作用.如其具体的作用机制能够被更多的实验结果阐明,将极大地扩展我们对于非编码RNA调控功能的认识.
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) with classic clover structure, have been researched as a key component of cellular protein synthesis machine for decades. However, the pace of progress in the understanding of tRNA function is still staggering, especially in the role of tRNA as the precursor of potential molecules to regulate gene expression globally. Several recent studies suggest that some tRNA-derived small RNAs have been detected in many cell lines by deep sequencing. These cleavage products of tRNAs are indicated to interact with some important protein factors like Dicer and Ago family in microRNA processing system. In additional, luciferase reporter assay results implied that the small RNAs derived from tRNA might play some roles in response to the stress as regulatory molecules with microRNA-like features. If their regulatory functions were to be confirmed by more evidence, these newly revealed RNAs would provide expanding insight into the repertoire of small noncoding RNAs.
陈鑫,王恩多.来源于tRNA的小分子RNA——降解碎片还是新的调控分子[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,2011,38(8):681-687
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