The phenomenon of protein O-GlcNAcylation has been discovered for more than 30 years. In animals, O-GlcNAcylation plays important roles in cellular signaling transduction, gene transcription, epigenetic, metabolism regulation and etc. While the functions of O-GlcNAcylation in plants is remain unclear, and only few studies were reported in recent years. In this review paper, the research advances on plants O-GlcNAcylation were reviewed, including UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis pathway, the key enzymes in O-GlcNAc modification pathway, the detection and function analysis of O-GlcNAc modified proteins. These works revealed that O-GlcNAcylation has essential functions in plant growth and development, plant hormone networks regulation, signal transduction and plant virus infection process. This article will facilitate the subsequent research on the O-GlcNAcylation in plants.