环状RNA的生物学功能及其在胃肠肿瘤发生中的作用
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宁波大学医学院生物化学与分子生物学研究所,宁波大学医学院生物化学与分子生物学研究所,宁波大学医学院生物化学与分子生物学研究所,宁波大学医学院生物化学与分子生物学研究所

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浙江省公益技术研究社会发展项目(2016C33177),宁波市科技创新团队项目(2017C110019),国家自然科学基金(81772279)和宁波大学王宽诚基金资助


The Biological Functions of Circular RNAs and Their Roles in The Occurrence of Gastrointestinal Tumors
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Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology,Medical School of Ningbo University,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology,Medical School of Ningbo University,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology,Medical School of Ningbo University,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology,Medical School of Ningbo University

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This work was supported by grants from The Applied Research Project on Nonprofit Technology of Zhejiang Province (2016C33177), the Scientific Innovation Team Project of Ningbo (2017C110019), The National Natural Science Foundation of China (81772279), and the K. C. Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University

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    摘要:

    环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)是广泛存在于真核生物转录组的内源性非编码RNA.与线性RNA不同,circRNA不易被酶解,具有更加稳定的结构.circRNA具有微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)海绵、RNA结合蛋白海绵、调节转录以及翻译蛋白质等多种生物学功能,能够在转录水平或转录后水平调节基因的表达.近期的研究发现,circRNA在调控肿瘤细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭过程中扮演着重要的角色.胃肠肿瘤是我国常见且死亡率高的恶性肿瘤,研究者在胃肠肿瘤中发现大量异常表达的circRNA (如:hsa_circ_0014717、hsa_circ_0001017、hsa_circ_0061276、hsa_circ_0125965和hsa_circ_KLDHC10等).本文首先阐述circRNA的形成机制和生物学功能;然后结合国内外胃肠肿瘤相关circRNA的最新研究进展和本课题组相关研究成果,对circRNA影响胃肠肿瘤发生的机制作一综述,并希望能以此为胃肠肿瘤的诊断和治疗提供新的理论依据.

    Abstract:

    Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs that widely exist in eukaryotic transcriptomes. Unlike linear RNAs, circRNAs are not easily degraded for having a more stable structure. By acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, RNA-binding protein sponges, regulating transcription, or translating to proteins, circRNAs regulate gene expression at transcriptional or post-transcriptional levels. Recent studies have found that circRNAs play important roles in regulating cell proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor cells. Gastrointestinal tumors are common malignant tumors with high mortality in China. Researchers found a large number of abnormally expressed circRNAs (such as hsa_circ_0014717, hsa_circ_0001017, hsa_circ_0061276, hsa_circ_0125965, hsa_circ_0000181, hsa_circ_002059, hsa_circ_0000190, hsa_circ_0000096, hsa_circ_0014717, and hsa_circ_KLDHC10) in gastrointestinal tumors. This paper firstly describes the formation mechanisms and biological functions of circRNAs. Then, combining with the latest research progresses of gastrointestinal tumor-associated circRNAs and our group’s related research results, we review the mechanisms of circRNAs affecting gastrointestinal tumorigenesis and hope to provide a new theory for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal tumors.

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赵乾富,陈仕俊,肖丙秀,郭俊明.环状RNA的生物学功能及其在胃肠肿瘤发生中的作用[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,2018,45(6):601-612

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-03
  • 最后修改日期:2018-02-08
  • 接受日期:2018-03-01
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-06-19
  • 出版日期: 2018-06-20