Endothelial cells, as non-excitable cells, were previously thought to lack functional voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCC), such as human umbilical vein endothelial cells, bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells, bovine aortic endothelial cells, and bovine aorta endothelial cells. With the development of patch clamp technology, fluorescence microscopy technology, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology, more and more VGCC are found in various endothelial cells, such as human aortic endothelial cells, rat aortic endothelial cells, and rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. At present, there are 3 main detection methods for the existence of VGCC: the detection of ion channel current by patch clamp technology, the detection of intracellular calcium ion concentration change by fluorescence microscopy technology, and the detection of ion channel gene or protein expression by PCR. Endothelial cells are not only the physical barrier between blood and other adjacent tissue cells and matrix proteins, but more importantly, exert a significant influence on the physiological changes of cell and vascular tissues through the opening and closing of VGCC on the cell membrane. On the one hand, the effect of VGCC on the change of intracellular calcium ion concentration controls the release of vasodilators such as nitric oxide (NO) and regulates the balance of vascular tone. On the other hand, VGCC, which is an important route for calcium ion inflow, affects endothelial cell migration and proliferation through the induction of a kind of small G protein (Ras) and mitogen-activated proteinkinase kinase (MEK) pathways, the phosphonic acidification of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and serine/threonine protein kinase (Akt) pathways. In addition, some physiological phenomena, such as mechanical strain generated by intravascular pressure and shear stress associated with blood flow, activate VGCC by activating mechanical bodies, causing the ATP-sensitive potassium channel () channel to close, causing endothelial cell membranes to depolarize; the binding of some receptors and ligands and the opening and closing of ion channels require the participation of VGCC, such as the opening and closing of potassium ion channels with bradykinin as activator and cation channels with histamine as activator. Hence,in view of the important functions of VGCC in regulating the excitability, secretion and migration of endothelial cells, in-depth and extensive research on VGCC is of great significance for revealing and treating endothelial functional diseases such as essential hypertension and atherosclerosis.