冠状病毒的糖基化研究进展
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西北大学生命科学学院,功能糖组学实验室,西安 710069

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陕西省自然科学基金(2021JQ-446,2021JM-319),中国博士后 科学基金(2020M673628XB) 和西北大学新型冠状病毒肺炎预防 应急指导基金(NWU002) 资助项目。


New Progress of Glycosylation in Coronaviruses
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西北大学生命科学学院,功能糖组学实验室,西安 710069

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This work was supported by grants from The Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (2021JQ-446, 2021JM-319), The China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M673628XB), and The Emergency Guidance Fund for Prevention of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia from Northwest University (NWU002).

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    摘要:

    冠状病毒(coronavirus)为一类具有囊膜结构、单股正链RNA病毒,可感染哺乳动物或禽类等。目前已知7种冠状病毒可造成人际间传播,其中以新型冠状病毒(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2,SARS-CoV-2)为代表,可引起严重的呼吸系统疾病,并感染全球数亿人口,从而对全球公共卫生安全造成严重危害。作为病毒表面蛋白最常见的糖基化修饰,其在识别宿主、免疫逃逸、复制组装和裂解传播等病毒活动中起重要作用。本文以SARS-CoV-2等代表,概括N-与O-糖基化研究在冠状病毒刺突蛋白(spike protein)、膜蛋白(membrane protein)等的最新进展和方法。通过全局性总结冠状病毒科中糖蛋白的糖基化位点分布、糖链结构、生物学功能与研究技术等,以推动冠状病毒相关的诊断、治疗与疫苗开发等。

    Abstract:

    The coronaviruses (CoVs), which are a family of positive-strand RNA viruses, infect the mammals and birds. Seven CoVs are responsible for human-to-human transmission, especially the SARS-CoV-2, thereby posing a daunting challenge to global public health security. As the most common modification in viral glycoproteins, glycosylation plays the crucial role in host recognition, immunity avoidance, virus replication, assembly and transmission. In this review, we summarized and discussed the latest studies about glycosylation in coronaviridae members. Focused on the spike protein, nearly one hundred of N/O-glycosyltion sites have been reported. The N-glycans from spike protein are dominated by the high-mannose and complex-type, while the O-glycosylation is rather complicated. Significantly, it is known that the viral glycosylation depend on host cells, thus the glycan pattern of the produced recombinant viral glycoproteins might be different from that of native viral proteins, which represent a crucial determinant for vaccine design. The latest results based on bioinformatics, biochip, mass spectrography and genetic technology facilitate the overall perspective for glycosylation researching in CoVs. By summarizing the distribution of glycosylation sites, the structure of glycans, the biological functions and the research technologies, this review will help promote diagnosis, treatment and vaccine development related to coronaviruses.

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惠子夜,于汉杰,舒健,任夏萌,陈闻天.冠状病毒的糖基化研究进展[J].生物化学与生物物理进展,2022,49(3):540-552

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-09
  • 最后修改日期:2021-12-15
  • 接受日期:2021-12-24
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-03-21
  • 出版日期: 2022-03-20