Atherosclerosis(As)rabbit model was developed by feeding with high-cholesterol diet for 12 weeks,then As rabbits were injected intravenously with human plasma HDL preparation for 10 weeks,the effect of HDL on activity of LDL receptors on As rabbit liver plasma membranes was investigated. It was shown that the value of B_max of LDL receptor was significantly lower in As rabbit than that in normal rabbit(P＜0.01), while the value of K_d showed no difference; in HDL-treated rabbits, the value of B_max increased significantly compared with the rabbits without HDL treatment(P＜0.01), while the value of K_d showed no difference yet. The results suggested that human plasma HDL could enhance the activity of LDL receptors on liver plasma membranes of As rabbit.