The chicken embryo chondrocytes were cultured in the media containing different concentrations of T-2 toxin from Fusarium tricinctum,which was similar in structure with that from Fusarium species found in grains from Kaschin-Beck disease area.When the concentration of the T-2 toxin rose to 0.01 ppm,the collagen microfibrils in extracellular matrix of chicken embryo chondrocytes were significantly decreased,and the activities of cytochrome c oxidase and H⁺-ATPase of mitochondria were obviously lower than that of the control. The results showed that 0.01 ppm the T-2 toxin induced the changes of structure and function of chicken embryo chondrocytes. The methods reported provided an effective measure to examine if the factor which induced the Kaschin-Beck disease attacked on the target tissue——chondrocytes directly.