Bacteriorhodopsin is a kind of photo-energy conversion protein existing in the purple membrane of halobacterium halobium.It serves the function of photochromic materials and light-driven proton pumps,with an extremely fast primary photo-isomeric process occurring within 430ps. On account of the fact that bacteriorhodopsin has a series of unique photoelectrical and optical properties such as differential responsivity to light intensity,high spatial resolution,high photosensitivity,high cycling,etc.,it has found many important applications in photoelectrical detection. visual simulation system, artificial neural network, nonlinear optics and optical information recording and processing. Depended on the techniques of ultrafast pulse laser, highly time-resolved spectroscopy and high speed sampling detection. studies on bacteri-orhodopsin' s photocycle, primary photo-iso-merization，excited state dynamics，lightdriven proton pump mechanism and other aspects have been successfully developed with many significant results.