During long period infection of HIV, plenty of reactive oxygen species are accumulated in patients, and then oxidative stress forms. Oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species can activate a transcription factor, NFκB which in turn stimulates HIV gene expression.Besides, oxidative stress causes the disturbance of biological functions of infected patients'bodies, such as DNA damage, loss of Ca²⁺ homostasis, incurable destruction of enzyme system, block of energy production and so on, It is still at experimental stage to use antioxidants in AIDS therapy.