In the salt-independent chromatography, the component, structure, density and some other characteristics of the adsorption media are improved, so the variations of feedstock ion strength have no significant effect on adsorption. The great advantage of the salt-independent is absent in the traditional chromatography methods such as the ion-exchange chromatography, the thiophilic chromatography and the hydrophobic chromatography. This kind of technologies can lower the demands on preparation of the crude feedstock, therefore the steps of desalting, diluting or adding the extra salts could be bypassed. It simplifies the process and makes it more economical, so it is compatible with large scale requirements of the separation of the proteins, especially the enzyme and the antibody. The recent development of the new ligands and methods on salt-independent chromatography are summarized.