Microfluidic chip, which is one of the most fascinating analytical technologies in recent years, has made striking progress in chemistry, biology, medicine and other research fields. Several unique properties of microfluidics, such as high-throughput, miniaturization and multifunctional integration, make them ideal for their applications in biomedical research. More and more efforts have been dedicated to the research of Caenorhabditis elegans on a microfluidic platform for the past ten years. The related progress for biomedical purpose of Caenorhabditis elegans was reviewed. In particular, advances on microfluidic-based researches have been focused. The automated immobilization, behaviors, development, neurology, drug screening and gene screening of Caenorhabditis elegans were summarized. The prospects for the applications of microfluidic device are also discussed.