Stem cell ageing has been considered as one of the major causes of the declined regenerative capacity of tissues and organs with age, especially those with high proliferate cellular turnover. Growing evidences show that the ageing of the immune system is initiated at the very top of the hematopoietic hierarchy and the ageing of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) directly affect the function of the immune system. However, molecule mechanisms underlies HSC ageing is still unclear. In this review, we summarize the phenotypes of ageing HSCs and discuss how the cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic mechanisms of HSCs ageing.