Exosome is one of the extracellular vesicles, which plays an important role in intercellular communication and material transportation. Its content includes proteins, lipids, RNAs and other substances from host cells, and has an important influence on the physiological state of recipient cells. Flaviviridae including hepatitis C virus and Coronaviridae including SARS-CoV-2 are pathogens causing a variety of human infectious diseases. Understanding the interaction between virus and host is of great significance for screening therapeutic cellular targets and developing exosome-based vaccines. Accumulating studies have shown that exosomal protein and RNA play inhibitory roles for viruses. Moreover, Flaviviridae and Coronaviridae could hijack exosome-mediated cellular communication to harm the hosts and promote virus spread. In current review, we summarized the recent progress on the interaction between Flaviviridae/Coronaviridae and exosome, shedding the mechanistic insights into Flaviviridae/Coronaviridae induced exosome.