Objective This study aimed to investigate the expression and proinflammation effect of nitric oxide in the edema of astrocytoma.Methods WHO II (10 cases), II-III (7 cases), and IV (10 cases) grade astrocytoma peritumor edema tissues were identified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and collected after surgery. The content of nitrite was detected by Grice reagent; HPLC-MS/MS was applied to identify inflammatory molecules in edema zone (5 cases of each grade); ClusterProfiler, Proteomaps and Metascapedatasets were used to investigate the potential protein network between NO and microenvironment.Results There was NO in astrocytoma and edema zone, and NO in glioma was higher than that in edema zone, which had cytochrome coxidase (COX), heat shock protein (HSP), CD44 antigen (CD44), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-24 (IL-24), gelsolin (GSN), stress-induced-phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), peroxiredoxin (PRDX), protein S100, and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Enrichment analysis demonstrated that proteins in glioblastoma were more involved in anaerobic metabolism than grade II-III astrocytoma, such as glycolysis. More importantly, these proteins were significantly involved in various redox reactions, such as oxidoreductase activity and peroxidase activity among which iNOS, NO, ONOO^- and SOD-1 played a vital role in redox reactions.Conclusion The formation of edema zone around astrocytoma was formed by inflammatory reaction. Astrocytoma cells regulated SOD-1 and other inflammatory molecules by secreting NO to promote the formation of invasive inflammatory tumor microenvironment.